Al-Kunooze Scientific Journal

Abstract Obesity is a serious problem for numerous people especially, those who have chronic diseases.
In this project total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein(HDL), low density lipoprotein
(LDL), triglyceride (TG) and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) were determined for 80 adults
with obesity, including (40) men 20 of those have type 2 diabetes and (40) women similarly as
men 20 of those have the same type of disease. All patients have body mass index BMI (40 >
kg/m2
) were selected alongside 30 non obese as a control group which have BMI (20-25 kg/m2
).
It has been found that the levels of all the parameters except HDL displayed a significant increase
in overweight persons while the HDL level was observed a significant decrease in comparison
with control. The effect of gender and diabetes on the level of all parameters has been investigated.
The results suggested that lipid profile measurement is a good indicator to control oxidative stress
production and inflammation. The aim of this study is to highlighted the relationship between
obesity and sugar sensitivity according to serum lipid profile measurements.

Abstract Vitamin D stimulates macrophages and epithelial and immune cell development of
antimicrobial peptides, which may be significant in Bacterial or viral infection eradication.
Case control study was carried out from 1/August 2020 till 15 /September 2020. A total of
(100) subjects from (50±2) years old age and older were attending the Health centers of
Baghdad City . The study includes 100 samples divided into 2 groups (or categories) : Fifty
patients with coronavirus diseases (COVID-19) and Fifty apparently healthy subjects (as
control). The mean(M) ±standard error of mean (SE) of vitamin D in (ng/ml) for corona virus
patients was (14.57± 1.17), while for control group was (39.70 ± 2.23),a very highly significant
difference (P<0.001) was found between patients and control groups. The finding of this study
shown reduced in the mean level of vitamin D less than (30 ng/ml), the mean(M) ±standard
error of mean (SE) of C-reactive protein (CRP) in (ng/ml) for corona virus patients was (1.98
± 0.15), while for control group was (0.67 ± 0.04),a very highly significant difference
(P<0.001) was found between patients and control groups. All (50) patient with corona virus
shown elevated in level of serum C-reactive protein (CRP) level. Weak negative correlation (-
0.189) with insignificant differences (P=0.224) were observed between vitamin D and Creactive protein (CRP). 

Abstract During the period from January to June 2023, 142 samples of local and imported frozen
chicken meat were collected from Al-Basrah markets and surveyed for the occurrence of
Salmonella typhimurium, depending on the area of collection, 72 samples from local frozen
chicken and 70 imported frozen chicken. The number of samples that gave a positive result for
Salmonella typhimurium (96) and identification was done according to IS06579 rules. Also,
morphological, cultural, microscopical characterization, and biochemical tests were studied.
All the isolates were subjected to API 20E to ensure the identification, and the antibiotic sensitivity
was investigated for all isolates of S. typhimurium, which showed multiple resistance patterns

Abstract Quail eggs are a highly nutritious food that has a positive impact on many aspects of general
health. Scientific research has shown that quail eggs effectively contribute to regulating blood
sugar levels, as they help improve the body's response to insulin, which contributes to reducing
blood glucose levels and enhancing the prevention of diabetes. In addition, quail eggs play an
important role in improving heart health by reducing levels of harmful cholesterol (LDL) and
increasing levels of good cholesterol (HDL), which reduces the risk of cardiovascular diseases.
Quail eggs are also rich in antioxidant compounds such as selenium and vitamin E, which help
reduce oxidative stress and improve blood vessel health. In addition, studies indicate that quail
eggs enhance fertility in men and women, as they contain essential minerals and vitamins that
contribute to enhancing reproductive functions and regulating hormone levels. Regarding joint
health, quail eggs appear to contain essential fatty acids such as omega-3 and collagen, which
contribute to reducing inflammation and relieving joint pain. In general, quail eggs are
considered a complete nutritional option that promotes overall health through their multiple
effects on the body's vital functions

Abstract The current study was carried in the college of Veterinary Medicine-University of
Basrah for observing the histological and ultrastructural of the kidney in one-humped
camel. In this study 10 adult healthy kidneys of one-humped camel bought from
slaughterhouse of Al-Samawah city, (2-3) years in summer (2020). The histological
study include 5 kidneys investigated by using histological methods, the samples were
fixed with 10% formaldehyde solution. Three stains were used H&E, PAS and Mallory.
Five kidneys were used for ultrastructural study, samples were then processed for
ultrastructural technique. The histological examination show that high number of long
loops of Henle and vasa recta in the kidney and the density percentage of renal
corpuscles more in the midcortical region than in a juxtamedullary region and the
diameter of renal corpuscle was nearly similar in midcortical and in juxtamedullary
region. The nephron was investigated by transmission electron microscopy is unique in
having thick basal lamina, the thickest being found in part of the parietal layer of
Bowman, s capsule and the thin loop of Henle. The characteristics above showed that
the one – humped camel ͗s kidney possessed a high reabsorption and hence promoting
the production of high concentrated urine. The current study was aimed to report some
of the histological and ultrastruchural characteristics of the kidney in normal state to
provide basic data which will utilized in the other studies. 

Abstract Carrots are one of the most consumed vegetables around the world and the production of juice
leads to large amounts of carrot juice residues, which is one of the main by-products, which are
rich in fiber and high amounts of carotenoids and phenolic compounds that can contribute to
improving the quality of food products, in this study yogurt was manufactured using 0, 2.5 and 5
g of carrot juice residues and added to yogurt, The results obtained showed that the estimate of
the chemical composition of carrot juice residues for moisture, ash, fat, protein and fiber where
the ratios were 67.84, 4.25, 3.42, 2.83, 12.7% respectively and beta-carotene was diagnosed for
carrot juice residues by HPLC device, and the total dissolved solids were 18, 25 and 45%
respectively, and protein 7.48, 7.77 and 7.90% respectively. Fats of 19.58, 19.77 and 19.84%,
respectively, and ash 8.15, 8.33 and 8.48%, respectively, were higher in carrot-residual yogurt
samples than in the control sample. As well as the gradual decrease in total humidity 7.11, 7.08
and 7.00% respectively, and pH 4.63, 4.58 and 4.51% during the progress of the storage period
accompanied by a rise in pH 0.60, 0.64 and 0.67% higher than the percentages in the comparison
sample. The density increased by 0.2, 0.4 and 0.7%, respectively, and the viscosity of 99.87, 105.7
and 113.35%, respectively, in the yogurt samples significantly increased by increasing the
concentration of carrot juice residues. As the storage period progressed, the scores for the sensory
characteristics of the samples decreased, while the samples with a concentration of 2.5 g obtained
the highest scores for the sensory characteristics. These results will be useful for those interested
in the food industry in integrating carrots and offal with yogurt to improve the quality and value
of food products

Abstract The behavior of crack Propagation, under take condition of corrosion fatigue has been studied in hi Strength aluminum alloy AA7076-T61, using rotating bending technique. This study showed a model covering three phases (i. microstructurally short cracks (MSC), ii. physically small cracks (PSC) and iii. long fatigue creaks (LC)). The first phase of this model proved to be not effective, other phases can be used successfully to predict corrosion-fatigue life under the condition of constant amplitude testing.Corrosion fatigue crack propagation in metals resulting from the conjoint action of cyclic stressing and exposure to chemically aggressive environment, is often characterized by fracture mechanics method . Rates of fatigue crack propagation da/dN in corrosive environment are usually |controlled by interrelated mechanical and chemical driving. The most important practical characteristic of corrosion -fatigue is that the S/N curve produced in a corrosive: environment shows no fatigue limit, even for materials such as mild steel which would usually show marked limit when fatigue air. At high stress (short life) behaviors in air and in corrosive environment are practically identical.

Abstract Considering that the business network is the most imitative network of the behavior (nature) of the ant colony system to find the optimal critical path in PERT networks because it has a project start node (first event) equivalent to the ant's home (nest), and a project end node (last event) equivalent to the food source (food). The problem of finding the optimal critical path for the project is equivalent to the search process to find the best (shortest) path between the nest and the food site. In this research, an ant colony optimization algorithm was proposed to find the critical path in PERT/CPM networks, and the proposed method was used to solve problems in construction projects, as this algorithm showed high efficiency in finding the critical path for project networks in record time compared to conventional solution methods and with the least number of iterations. To obtain clear graphics and high-resolution tables, the Ant Colony Optimization Program (ACOP) was applied, which was written in MATLAB on a virtual business network. The program is characterized by its efficiency and accuracy of its results and the possibility of applying it to any real and imaginary business network smoothly and easily. The results of the ACOP ant algorithm program were compared with the results of the genetic algorithm program for the same problem (GAOCPN) in a previously published research, and the ant algorithm proved its worth in terms of the speed of obtaining the optimal solution.